效果图

主页面布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    >

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycle"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

    <include layout="@layout/layout_sticky_header_view"/>
</FrameLayout>

activity 代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private RelativeLayout targert;
    private TextView tvStickyHeaderView;
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        RecyclerView recyclerView =  (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycle);
        tvStickyHeaderView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_sticky_header_view);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
        recyclerView.setAdapter(new StickyExampleAdapter(this,getData()));
        recyclerView.addOnScrollListener(new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() {
            @Override
            public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) {
                super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy);
                View stickview = recyclerView.findChildViewUnder(0 , 0);
                if(stickview!=null&&stickview.getContentDescription()!=null){
                    if(!TextUtils.equals(tvStickyHeaderView.getText(),String.valueOf(stickview.getContentDescription()))){
                        tvStickyHeaderView.setText(String.valueOf(stickview.getContentDescription()));
                    }
                }
               final View  transInfoView= recyclerView.findChildViewUnder(
                        0, tvStickyHeaderView.getHeight()+1 );
                transInfoView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View v) {
                        Log.d("BBB","点击="+transInfoView.getTop());
                    }
                });
                if (transInfoView != null && transInfoView.getTag() != null) {

                    int transViewStatus = (int) transInfoView.getTag();
                    int top = transInfoView.getTop();

                    if (transViewStatus == StickyExampleAdapter.HAS_STICKY_VIEW) {
                        if (top > 0) {
                            int dealtY =  top- tvStickyHeaderView.getMeasuredHeight();
                            tvStickyHeaderView.setTranslationY(dealtY);
                            Log.d("BBB","transInfoView++++="+transInfoView.getTop());
                        } else {
                            tvStickyHeaderView.setTranslationY(0);
                        }
                    } else if (transViewStatus == StickyExampleAdapter.NONE_STICKY_VIEW) {
                        tvStickyHeaderView.setTranslationY(0);
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    }

    public  List<StickyBean> getData() {
        List<StickyBean> stickyExampleModels = new ArrayList<>();

        for (int index = 0; index < 100; index++) {
            if (index < 15) {
                stickyExampleModels.add(new StickyBean(
                        "吸顶文本1", "name" + index, "gender" + index));
            } else if (index < 25) {
                stickyExampleModels.add(new StickyBean(
                        "吸顶文本2", "name" + index, "gender" + index));
            } else if (index < 35) {
                stickyExampleModels.add(new StickyBean(
                        "吸顶文本3", "name" + index, "gender" + index));
            } else {
                stickyExampleModels.add(new StickyBean(
                        "吸顶文本4", "name" + index, "gender" + index));
            }
        }

        return stickyExampleModels;
    }
}

Adapter代码

public class StickyExampleAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<StickyExampleAdapter.RecyclerViewHolder> {
    //第一个吸顶
    public static final int FIRST_STICKY_VIEW = 1;
    //别的吸顶
    public static final int HAS_STICKY_VIEW = 2;
    //正常View
    public static final int NONE_STICKY_VIEW = 3;
    private final LayoutInflater mInflate;
    private final Context context;
    private final List<StickyBean> datas;
    private StickyBean stickyBean;

    public StickyExampleAdapter(Context context, List<StickyBean> datas){
        mInflate = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        this.context = context;
        this.datas = datas;
    }

    @Override
    public RecyclerViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {

        View inflate = mInflate.inflate(R.layout.item_ui, parent, false);
        return new RecyclerViewHolder(inflate);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerViewHolder holder, int position) {
        stickyBean = datas.get(position);
        holder.tvName.setText(stickyBean.name);
        holder.tvGender.setText(stickyBean.autor);

        if (position == 0) {
            holder.tvStickyHeader.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.tvStickyHeader.setText(stickyBean.sticky);
            holder.itemView.setTag(FIRST_STICKY_VIEW);
        } else {
            if (!TextUtils.equals(stickyBean.sticky, datas.get(position - 1).sticky)) {
                holder.tvStickyHeader.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                holder.tvStickyHeader.setText(stickyBean.sticky);
                holder.itemView.setTag(HAS_STICKY_VIEW);
            } else {
                holder.tvStickyHeader.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                holder.itemView.setTag(NONE_STICKY_VIEW);
            }
        }
        //通过此处设置ContentDescription，作为内容描述，可以通过getContentDescription取出，功效跟setTag差不多。
        holder.itemView.setContentDescription(stickyBean.sticky);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return datas == null ? 0 : datas.size();
    }

    public class RecyclerViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
         TextView tvStickyHeader;
         RelativeLayout rlContentWrapper;
         TextView tvName;
         TextView tvGender;
         RecyclerViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            tvStickyHeader = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_sticky_header_view);
            rlContentWrapper = (RelativeLayout) itemView.findViewById(R.id.rl_content_wrapper);
            tvName = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.named);
            tvGender = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.auto);
        }
    }
}